论唐蕃长庆会盟的几个问题

Several Questions of the Alliance Meeting Between the Tang Court and Tibet at Changqing

唐蕃长庆会盟是唐蕃关系史上的大事件,藏文史书《拔协》一书记载为"姑休宫(kavu-shuvi-brang)",汉文翻译应该为"故行宫",为长安西郊武功县的"庆善宫";而拉萨唐蕃会盟碑记载的唐京师西隅之"Shen-san-si(或转写作Ceg-san-ci)"应该为"慈德寺",因与庆善宫同在一处,又称"庆善寺";长庆会盟划界立碑之地,藏文史书记载为"gong-gu-rme-ru",汉译为"墨如"、"孔谷梅如"或"贡布麦如"。其中的"gong-gu"为宋代立碑《重修武安君祠堂记》记载的"弓谷",在今张家川恭门镇一带。而昔日唐蕃交换驿马的"将军谷"因与秦国大将白起事迹有关而有是称,在今恭门镇以西的白起堡一带;《西藏志》等书中加入唐蕃长庆会盟碑的文字,与长庆会盟的历史事实不符,而与唐蕃赤岭划界碑划定的双方疆界形势非常吻合,其"洮岷之东,属大唐国界"和"其洮岷之东,大唐袛应"等语句绝非空穴来风或臆猜之语,而应该皆为出自开元年间唐蕃赤岭划界碑。

The alliance meeting between the Tang court and Tibet was a significant event in the history of rela- tion between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet. The location of the alliance meeting was recorded as the ＂kavu-shuvi- brang＂ in the Tibetan historical work, translated as the ＂Guxing Palace＂, referring actually to the ＂Qingshan Pal- ace＂ in Wugong county in the western suburbs Chang＇ an. Moreover, the ＂Shen-san-ci＂ in the west of the capital recorded in the alliance-meeting stele in Lasha should be the ＂Cide Temple＂, also called ＂Qingshan Temple＂ for being located in the same location as the ＂Qingshan Palace＂. The demarcation site was recorded as the ＂gong-gu- rme-ru＂ in Tibetan historical works, translated into Chinese as ＂Moru＂ ,＂ Konggumeiru＂ or ＂Gongbumairu＂. The ＂gong-gu＂ in the name was the ＂Gonggu Valley＂ recorded in the memorial stele of The Account of Reestablishing the Ancestral Temple for Gentkeman of Wu＇ an set in the Song Dynasty, which was situated around the town of Gongmen in the Zhangjia Valley. The ＂general Valley＂, where post-horses were exchanged between two sides, was located around the ＂Baiqi Castle＂ west of the town of Gongmen, in honour of the deeds of Baiqi, a well-known general in the Qin Dynasty. Although some recordings in The Annuals of Tibet didn＇ t agree with the historical facts of the alliance meeting, they happened to coincide with the status quo of the demarcation line set by the demarca- tion stele in Chiling.