封闭的完整连贯与开放的循环往复——蒲松龄聊斋小说与霍夫曼艺术童话的叙事结构特征及艺术文化背景

Complete Sequential Closing Structure and Open Cycling Structure——A Comparative Study of Hoffmann and Pu Songling

我国清初小说家蒲松龄和德国19世纪浪漫主义作家霍夫曼均以描绘荒诞离奇的鬼神世界而著称,他们的作品在表现主题和艺术风格方面具有一定的相似性,因而之间便产生了比较研究的可能性。但是,由于他们的艺术创作基于不同的文化背景,其表现手法也表现出明显的差异之处。尤其在叙事结构方面,两位作家的作品表现出完整封闭和循环往复的不同特点,情节发展也以严密的逻辑关系和断片交叉式叙事方式相区别。本文旨在对这两位作家的作品进行比较研究,揭示聊斋小说和艺术童话叙事结构的不同艺术特征及其与中西方文艺思想传统之间的关系。

The Chinese writer Pu Songling of the early Qing Dynasty and the German romantic writer E. T. A. Hoffmann of the 19th century were both famous for the description of ghosts and their grotesque contact with human beings. Their literary works have a certain likeness in illustrating a subject and artistic features, which makes a comparative study between their works pos- sible. But their artistic expressions are strikingly different as they were produced in different cultural backgrounds. Especially, in the aspect of the narrative structure, they each display distinct characteristics of the cycling and complete closing beginnings and ends. In terms of the internal plot of the text, one adopted the tightening logical narrative, and the other the intersecting narrative. The article compares the works of these two authors to explore the different artistic features in the narrative structure of the artistic fairy tale and the strange tales from the Liaozhai Studio as well as the aesthetic and artistic influence of Chinese and West traditions on the works.