卵清蛋白致敏大鼠支气管哮喘模型的制备

Preparation of bronchial asthma model of rats sensitized by ovalbumin

目的建立卵清蛋白特异性致敏诱导的大鼠支气管哮喘模型。方法 20只SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组和模型组,每组10只。第1天致敏:空白组给予生理盐水1ml腹腔注射致敏,而模型组给予1mL造模液(含V级卵清蛋白100mg,氢氧化铝100 mg和灭活百日咳杆菌6×109个)腹腔注射致敏;第15天开始激发:将两组大鼠分别置于相同大小的雾化箱内,空白组给予生理盐水6 ml雾化激发,模型组给予5%的V级卵清蛋白溶液6 ml雾化激发,每天激发一次,每次激发30 min,连续激发10天后处死大鼠,并采集相应标本。结果空白组大鼠激发后没有特殊异常表现,而模型组大鼠每次激发后出现烦躁不安、呼吸加深、加快,点头呼吸,咳嗽,闻及哮鸣音,呈哮喘样、口周发绀、反应迟钝等表现;空白组大鼠肺泡灌洗液和血液中嗜酸性粒细胞数量正常,而模型组大鼠出现相应增加;病理切片显示空白组肺组织和气道壁嗜酸性粒细胞浸润较少,而模型组嗜酸性粒细胞浸润相应地增多。结论卵清蛋白特异性致敏能成功构建大鼠支气管哮喘模型。

Objective To establish the bronchial asthma model in Wistar rats sensitized by subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin （OVA）. Methods 20 Wistar rats were randomly and evenly divided into the normal group and the model group. On the first day, the normal group was sensitized by intraperitoneally injected t ml of normal saline, and the model group was treated with 1 ml of sensitization liquid which contained 100 mg of OVA （ Grade V）, 100 mg of aluminum hydroxide and 6 x 109 strains of inactivated bordetella pertussis. From the 15th day, the normal group was treated with 6 ml of normal saline aerosol inhalation once a day, 30min a time for 10 days, and the model group was treated with 6 ml of OVA （5% , V Grade） with the same method as above mentioned. Then all rats were killed to collect samples. Results The rats in the normal group behaved normally and the number of eosinophils was also normal in their blood and their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and on pathological section of their lung tissue. Instead, the rats in the model group showed dysphoria, breathing deeply and quickly, nod breathing, cough, wheezing, oral cyanosis, slow response and so on. The number of eosino- phils increased abnormally in the model group. Conclusion The bronchial asthma model in Wistar rats can be successfully established by the intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin （OVA） and aerosol inhalation of sensitization liquid.