术后下呼吸道感染与麻醉的相关因素分析及干预对策

Analysis of related factors of postoperative lower respiratory tract infection and anesthesia and its intervention measures

目的研究分析下呼吸道感染与麻醉的相关因素及其干预措施。方法选取入院治疗的术后下呼吸道感染的患者131例,综合分析其感染与麻醉的关系并分析干预对策。结果中枢神经系统和胸心血管系统手术造成的下呼吸道感染最多,约占51.91%,其次是胃肠道、肝胆、骨骼系统手术,约占23.59%。全麻器官插管造成的下呼吸道感染比例为50.52%,神经阻滞椎管内麻醉为27.48%,局部浸润麻醉为22.90%。下呼吸道感染最多的是真菌类(29.00%),其次是金黄色葡萄球菌(17.56%),然后是铜绿假单胞菌(14.50%)。结论不同麻醉情况对术后下呼吸道感染的影响不同,应根据患者的具体病情安排相应的合理干预措施以取得最好的效果。

Objective To study and analyze the related factors and its intervention measures of lower respiratory tract infection and anesthesia. Methods 131 patients with postoperative lower respiratory tract infection were selected, and the relationship between in- fection and anesthesia was comprehensively analyzed. Results 51.91% of lower respiratory tract infection was caused by the surgery of central nervous system and cardiovascular system, and 23.59% was caused by the surgery of gastrointestinal tract, courage, skeletal sys- tem. 50. 52% of general anesthesia intubation organs had lower respiratory tract infection. 27.84% of spinal canal nerve block had anes- thesia, and 22.90% of local infiltration had anesthesia. The most common infective bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection was fungi （ 29.00% ）, followed by staphylococcus anreus （ 17.56% ） , and pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 14.50% ）. Conclusion Different anesthesia shows different impact on patients with postoperative lower respiratory tract infection. The reasonable intervention measures should be based on the specific condition of patients to achieve the best effect.