青少年肺结核457例临床特点

Clinical features of 457 cases of adolescent tuberculosis

目的探讨研究青少年肺结核457例临床特点。方法收集我院门诊收治的457例青少年肺结核病例,并对比同期收治的500例老年肺结核患者的临床特点。结果青少年结核病患者无明显性别差异,随着年龄增加患病率增加(12～15岁7.7%、15～18岁39.2%、18～22岁53.2%),大部分有结核病接触史(60.5%),绝大数有卡介苗接种史(99.8%),痰涂片阳性率较低(35.7%),确诊时间较短(3个月内确诊达87.3%),青少年临床结核分型以继发型肺结核为主(82.5%),与老年组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论青少年结核病的临床特点应引起广大医务工作者的重视。

Objective To investigate the clinical features of 457 cases of adolescent tuberculosis.Methods 457 cases of adolescent tuberculosis were selected,and their clinical features were analyzed and compared with the clinical features of senile patients with tuberculosis.Results There was no significant gender difference in adolescent TB patients,and the incidence increased with age increase（7.7%,39.2%,53.2%）.Most of the adolescent had the contact history with tuberculosis（60.5%）,and 99.8% of them were inoculated with bcg vaccine.The positive rate of sputum smear was 35.7%,and the confirmed time was short（diagnosed within 3 months up to 87.3%）.The type of adolescent tuberculosis mainly was secondary pulmonary tuberculosis（82.5%）,which showed a statistical significance with the senile TB patients（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The clinical features of adolescent tuberculosis should be paid mor attention by the majority of medical workers.