加拿大通识教育课程改革:以基本就业技能培养为导向

General Education Curriculum Reform in Canada:Towards the Development of Essential Employability Skills

随着近几年对大学生就业问题更加深入的研究,通过课程与教学改革增强大学生就业能力成为解决大学生就业问题的重要突破口。加拿大安大略省最早引入了基本就业技能的概念,通过深入分析基本就业技能的要素组成,详细说明不同层级的能力框架,制订了在通识教育课程实施过程中融入基本就业技能的结构框架和统一评价体系,要求在辖区内所有高校的通识教育课程中融入基本就业技能培养的因素,并根据相关的考核获得不同水平的证书,初步构建了以基本就业技能培养为导向的通识教育课程模式和认证标准,而亚冈昆学院两门通识教育课程的案例分析则充分论证了在通识教育课程实现基本就业技能培养的可行性和有效性。

To tackle graduate unemployment,it is necessary for higher education institutions(HEIs) to carry out teaching and curriculum reform so as to enhance college students' employability skills.Ontario,Canada first introduced the idea of 'Essential Employability Skills'(EES) and through an in-depth analysis of the components of EES and careful stratification of EES at different levels,established the conceptual framework and unified evaluation system for integrating EES training with general education curriculum.In Ontario today,all HEIs are required to assimilate EES training into general education curriculum,and students who have passed a certain examination on EES could be awarded a certificate for that.Through a case study of two general education courses in Algonquin College,Ontario,this paper shows clearly whether it is truly applicable and effective to assimilate EES training into general education curriculum.