关于文学影视改编的思考——评张玉霞的《从镜之像到灯之影:中国代际导演文学改编史论》

Some Reflections on Screen-adaptation of Literary Works——with references to the latest works of Zhang Yuxia:From Image in the Mirror to the Shadow under the Spotlight

文学与影视是相互独立而又相互影响的关系,无论文学支持了影视的创作还是文学因为影视热播而成书,无论是文学创作人羡慕影视的受众广泛,还是影视依然需要站在文学的肩膀上构筑自身的综合性表现,时代变迁和大众趣味成为判别文学与影视之间不可缺少的观照因素。文学对于精神价值的保存具有独特意义,文学的独立性需要坚持,人文慰藉更为重要。认同影视需要坚持自身的独特性,这样才能各自显示价值也才能成为相互护佑的对象。改编是艺术把持和再创造之间的得失智慧的较量,对于原著艺术精神的把握是创造者接受考验的第一关,而把握影像艺术能力是原著魅力能不能实现的第二关,多大程度上忠实原著并且能形成新鲜的影像艺术创造,则是最为关键的。影视改编的归途应当是:思想内涵与艺术统一基础上的遵守原著的形态改编,和实现时代新解的创造性"改编"。

Literature and films are free from each other and at the same time influence each other. Be it films boom because of the literary works or literary works flourishes because of the films adapted from the liter- ary works ; be it literati envy the popularity of films or films needs standing on the shoulders of literary works to construct their own comprehensiveness, changes of times and the changing tastes of the audience have always been the reflection factor to decide on the literary works and the films. Literary works is unique in that it helps preserve the spiritual value, and therefore the independence of literary works need being kept, and humanity comfort is even more important. The peculiarities of films are to be maintained too. Only in this way could lit- erary works and films manifest their own value and at the same time be each other＇ s blessing. Screen - adap- tation of literary works is a wrestling of the wisdom between keeping to the original works and recreation. Mas- tery of the artistic features of the literary works forms the first step for the recreator, and the ability to handle the pictorial art so as to represent the charm of the literary works is the second step. The most crucial step is how much the recreation keeps to the literary works and simultaneously creates new pictorial artistic recreation. The aim of screen - adaptation of literary works is the adaptation on the basis of the unity of thoughts and art, which keeps close to the literary works in essence; creative adaptation on the understanding of the times.