体检儿童少年305例的电子媒体使用调查

Media use of 305 cases of children and adolescents among health examination crowd

【目的】调查研究国内体检儿童少年的电子媒体使用状况。【方法】采用整群抽样的方法,自行设计问卷,对在温州医学院附属育英儿童医院进行体检的6～16岁儿童少年及其家长,共305例进行电子媒体使用情况回顾性访问及家庭环境调查。【结果】46.23%(141/305)的儿童少年平均每天使用电子媒体工具时间超过2h;各年龄组在每周使用电子媒体工具时间(Time/week,以下简称T/w,以h为单位)上差异无统计学意义(F=1.294,P=0.272);T/w与家长有无限制、家庭中有无早晨开电视习惯、有无以媒体工具打发时间的习惯差异有高度统计学意义(t=-4.848、-2.814、-6.174,P均<0.01);睡前看电视不会影响睡眠的儿童与有此影响的儿童相比,T/w更容易超过14h(χ2=4.424,P=0.038)。【结论】温州市儿童少年有大量时间在使用电子媒体工具,家庭中儿童看电视的习惯、爱好至少在儿童6岁左右已经基本形成;家庭在对儿童电子媒体使用中的影响起重要作用;看电视对儿童睡眠的影响不在于看电视的总和时间。

[Objective] To study the status ot media use ol children and adolescents among heattla exammanon crowd. [Methods] A cluster sampling survey was carried out from October 2010 to February 2012. Data were collected through self-administered structured retrospective questionnaire from 305 pairs of families in health examination department of affiliated children＇s hospital of Wenzhou Medical College. [Results] 46.23% （141/305）children and adolescents used media excess 2 hours per day. There was no significant difference among ages in the total time of electronic media use per week（referred to as the T/w）（F= 1. 294,P=0. 272） ;Parents＇ restrictions on media use, morning TV viewing habit, media as children＇s main killing time tool could affect the T/w（t=4. 848,-2. 814, 6. 174,all P〈0.01）. Children whose sleep could not be affected by media use before sleep were more inclined to use media excess 14 hours per week（X^2 =4. 424,P=0. 038）. [Conclusions] The children and adolescents spend substantial time on media, and their habit, favorite around media had formed at least before or at 6 years old; Parents＇ restriction on media use can affect the time children spend before screen media;TV-viewing before sleep can affect children＇s sleep,but the effect does not lie in the total time of TV-viewing.