暖温带北京小龙门林区土壤动物的研究

A study on soil animal fauna from warm_temperate zone in Xiaolongmen forest areas, Beijing

有关暖温带土壤动物的研究，目前国内外尚无专门报道。为了开展这方面的工作，于1993年4月～1994年1月，在北京小龙门森林定位站设立了5个采样点，按国际通用方法每月进行一次定性定量的调查和采集，共采集各类土壤动物标本35 294号，它们隶属于5门、16纲、54目、176科、252属、356种。其动物类群数量及组成为：大型土壤动物（腹足类、蛛形类、多足类、膜翅类等）822个，小型土壤动物（蜱螨类为主）3129个，湿生土壤动物（线虫最多）31 227个，原生动物（主要为肉足虫及鞭毛虫）年平均量为789 238个／克·干土。土壤动物的数量消长趋势具有明显季节性变化；区系特点较突出，其种类组成情况和我国其它地区及相邻国家比较，均存在明显差异。

Up to now, there have been no special reports regarding soil animals in warmt emperate zone at home and abroad. From April 1993 to January 1994,by means of c ommonly_used quantitative and qualitative method, we carried out monthly sampl e collec tions in five plots in the Xiaolongmen Forestry Research Stations, Beijing. A to tal of 35 294 specimens were collected, belonging to five phyla, six classes, 54 orders, 176 families, 252 genera and 356 species. Among them, 822 individual s were large size soil animals (Gastropoda, Arachnida, Myriapoda, Hymenoptera et c.), 3129 were small size animals (mainly ticks and mites), 31 227 were wet lan d living soil animals (mainly nematods), and annual mean occurrence of individu als per gram of dry soil of Protozoan (mainly Amoebae and Flagellates) was 789 2 38. The tendency of population fluctuation of dry soil animals showed evident se asona l variations and comparatively obvious fauna characteristics. There are similari ties and differences regarding species composition compared with other areas in China and neighbouring countries.