中国碳捕集、利用与封存技术的政策体系研究

Research on Policy System for Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage in China

面临全球碳排放量的大幅增长和全球碳减排的压力,碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)被认为是有望实现化石能源大规模低碳化利用的新兴技术。在总结CCUS技术发展现状及其关键驱动要素的基础上,结合该技术在中国的发展优势和挑战,提出了中国CCUS技术发展的政策体系框架和基本思路,主要包括:发展规划与协调政策体系、大规模及商业化应用管理体系、环境管理及生态风险监测与评估体系、碳金融及碳补偿政策体系、社会效应评估与公共宣传政策体系等。对于中国CCUS技术的未来发展,建议持谨慎乐观的态度:一方面加强其环境影响和生态风险的监测与评估,另一方面重视技术研发和国际合作,完善中国的法律法规和政策体系框架,以引导该技术的健康发展。

With the rapid increase of global carbon emission and the pressure of international carbon emission reduction, carbon capture, utilization and storage（CCUS） is expected to realize the large-scale low-carbon utilization of fossil energy in the future. Based on the summarization of CCUS technology and its key driving factors, combined with advantages and challenges of CCUS technology in China, this paper sets forth the basic ideas and the framework of policy system for the development of CCUS technology in China, including policy system for development planning and cooperation, management system of commercial and large-scale application, policy system for environmental management and the monitoring and assessment of ecological risk, policy system for carbon finance and carbon compensation and policy system of social impact assessment and public education of CCUS technology. It is proposed to have a cautiously optimistic attitude towards the future development of CCUS technology in China. On the one hand, the monitoring and assessment of environmental impact and ecological risk should be strengthened. On the other hand, development of CCUS technology should be properly guided through improvement of China＇s laws and legislations and the policy system, as well as through technology research and development and international cooperation.