具有不同碳源利用方式的酿酒酵母菌株的脉冲电泳核型分析(英文)

ELECTROPHORETIC KARYOTYPE COMPARISON OF THESACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE STRAINS WITH DIFFERENTCARBON COMPOUND UTILIZATION PATTERNS

根据酵母属（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ＭｅｙｅｎｅｘＲｅｅｓｓ）分类学研究的最新进展，对保藏于中国普通微生物菌种保藏中心的酿酒酵母（Ｓ．ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅＭｅｙｅｎｅｘＨａｎｓｅｎ）菌株进行了系统的分类学研究。在表型性状，包括形态、对６种糖类化合物的发酵反应、对１８种碳源和３种氨源化合物的同化反应、在无维生素培养基中和在３５℃及３７℃下的生长情况、对放线菌素酮的抗性等研究的基础上，主要以发酵反应的异同为主将所研究的４０株酿酒酵母菌分成了４组。其中两组２６株与该种的最新标准描述相符，而另两组１４株在蔗糖的发酵和同化及麦芽糖的同华能力上与标准描述不符。进一步的脉冲电泳核型比较分析表明，在生理生化性状上可以清楚分开的４个组，在脉冲电泳核型上却没有相应的区别。典型的酿酒酵母菌株有１２－１５条染色体ＤＮＡ带，大小范围为２２５－２，２００Ｋｂ。在个别生理生化性状上与酿酒酵母的标准描述不符的两组菌，却具有与典型酿酒酵母菌株相同的脉冲电泳核型，证实它们应属于这个种。而菌株ＡＳ２．１４２１虽然其表型性状与酿酒酵母的标准描述完全相符，却具有与典型酿酒酵母菌株差异明显的脉冲电泳核型。该株菌染色体ＤＮＡ分子的大小范围与酿酒酵母?

The strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex Hansen preserved in China GeneralMicrobiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy ofSciences, were recharacterized and reidentified according to recent taxonomic improvement of thegenus. Four phenotypic groups with different carbon compound utilization pattems were recognizedamong the 40 strains employed. The electrophorehc karyotypes of the strains in the four groups werecomparatively analyzed. Unlike the carbon compound utilization patterns, the chromosomal DNAbanding patterns of the four groups were indistinguishable. Though the chameterishcs of the strains intwo of the four groups differed from the standard description of S cerevisiae in their inability toassimilate maltose or in their inability to ferment or assimilate sucrose, their electrophoretic karyotypeswere the same as those of the typical S. cerevisiae strains.One strain,AS 2.1421, thoughphenotypically idenhfied as S. cerevisiae,was found to have a unique karyotype with only ninechromosomal DNA bands, differing remarkably from the typical karyotypes of S cerevisiae strainswhich contained 12~15 bands.