地面三维激光扫描仪的测量误差分析

The Measurement Error Analysis of a Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanner

三维激光扫描技术的出现为快速、有效、准确获取三维空间信息提供了全新的技术支持。三维激光扫描仪能够不受白天黑夜的限制,全天候对任意物体进行扫描并获取高精度的物体表面点的三维信息及反射率信息,从而快速实现物体的三维重建。然而,由于在应用过程中,受到仪器本身技术的限制以及外界的影响,使得外业采集的点云数据的精度受到不同程度的影响,从而使得后续的点云数据处理变得复杂且缓慢,甚至使得最终生成的三维模型与实际物体不一致。主要针对地面三维激光扫描仪在测量过程中存在的测距误差、测角误差以及误差来源进行了详细地分析并构建了点位误差模型,为提高三维激光点云数据处理的效率和精度提供了必要的条件。

The appearance of 3D laser scanning technology provide a new technical support for obtaining 3D spa- tial information rapidly, effectively and accurately. 3D laser scanner will not be restricted by the day and night, it can work all the day and obtain high precision 3d information and refleetivity information of points on the surface, and realize quickly 3d reconstruction of objects. But, because of instruments＇ own technological limitations and the influence from and the environment, the accuracy of the field collected point cloud data will be influent on dif- ferent levels, and make the point cloud data processing will be complicated and slow, even the final 3d model will be not accord x~,h~, the real c^hieet~ This article mainly aims at analyzing distance and angle measurement errors of the terrestrial 3 D laser scanner, and the origin of the errors and form a point error model, it provides a necessary condition for improving the speed and precision of 3D point cloud data processing.