2009～2010年惠州市狂犬病暴露人群监测情况分析

Analysis on Monitoring of the Population Exposed to Rabies,Huizhou City,2009-2010

[目的]分析惠州市狂犬病暴露流行病学特征,为预防控制狂犬病疫情提供科学依据。[方法]对2009～2010年惠州地区各级各类医疗机构狂犬病暴露监测门诊的监测数据进行统计分析。[结果]惠州市狂犬病暴露16 178例,其中伤人动物以犬类为主(74.33%)。狂犬病暴露曲线呈单峰分布,峰值出现在每年的5～9月。男性暴露人数多于女性,0岁～的暴露人数占30.60%,15岁～的暴露人数占46.08%。四肢暴露占86.92%,有1处伤口的占76.15%,伤口程度为浅表的占81.26%,伤口分级为Ⅱ类的占57.03%。[结论]惠州市狂犬病暴露人数呈现上升的趋势,预防暴露对防控狂犬病疫情具有重要意义,综合防制策略是控制狂犬病的有效措施,需要加强宣传教育工作,普及狂犬病防治知识,增强广大群众的自我防护意识,加强暴露后预防工作。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies, so as to provide the scientific bais for rabies control, l-Methods]Data concerning the rabies infection were collected and analyzed during 2009- 2010. [Results] A total of 16 178 cases were exposured to rabies in Huizhou city during 2009-2010. Among all the cases, dog was the mainly attacking animal,accounting for 74. 33%. A peak of rabies infection was found between May and September in Huizhou city. The rabies exposure rate was slightly higher in males khan in females. 30. 60% of the infected subjects were 0-14 years old, and 46.08 % of infected s ubj ects were 15-44 years old. The rate of arms and legs infection was 86.92%. 76. 15 % of the infected subjects had one infection site. The degree of damage was superficial （81.26 %） and 57.03% of the wound were classified as Class II. [Conclusion]There is an upward trend in the number of rabies cases in Huizhou cit- y. Preventing exposure plays an important role in rabies control and prevention, and comprehensive strategies are the effec- tive measures of rabies control. It is necessary to improve the health education, popularize the knowledge about rabies con- trol and prevention,enhance the self-protection awareness of people,and strengthen the preventive vaccination after expo- sure.