试析“生乳新国标”对中国乳业的影响及政策建议——以制度经济学为视角

On the Analysis of the Influence for“the New National Standard of the Raw Milk”to China’s Dairy Industry and the Policy Suggestions——In the Perspective of the System Economics

食品安全是关系到消费者切身利益和国计民生的重大问题,中国"生乳新国标"的颁布引发了中国乳业标准大讨论。中国乳业产业链奶源分散不稳定,奶站组织形式多样,加工企业目标不相容,流通渠道压价销售;乳业产业链的组织关系复杂,交易费用较高。"生乳新国标"对生产者和消费者都产生了重要影响,政策建议包括应采取纵向一体化的组织形式;构建质量安全检测和追溯体系;加强政府监督和管理及引导形成科学消费观念。

The food safety is the major issue which is related to the consumer interests, the national economy and the people＇ s livelihood. The promulgation for ＂the new national standard of the raw milk＂ has initiated the Chinese dairying standard big discussion. The milk source disperses not stably, the milk station organization is various, the processing enterprises has incompatible goals, the circulation channel keeps prices down the sale , the organization of the dairying industry chain is complex, the transaction expense is high for the Chinese dairying industry chain. ＂The new national standard of the raw milk＂ has the important influence to the producer and the consumers. The policy recommendations include. The policy suggestions include that it should adopt the longitudinal integration of the organizational forms; construct the quality safe examination and backward system; strengthen the government supervision and management; guide to form a scientific consumption concept.