自主研发、服务贸易进口溢出对生产率影响的比较分析——基于跨国面板数据的实证分析

A Comparative Study on the Influence of Independent R & D and Import Spillover of Service Trade on Productivity——An Empirical Analysis Based on Cross-country Panel Data

国内自主研发和进口贸易的技术溢出是一国获得技术进步的两个重要途径。运用1999～2009年的跨国面板数据,基于DEA的Maimquist指数方法将全要素生产率分解为技术进步和技术效率,对国内自主研发和进口服务贸易结构产生的技术溢出进行实证研究。研究发现,国内自主研发能显著提高全要素生产率和技术进步,是一国技术进步的主要动力和源泉;进口运输服务对全要素生产率的提升无显著作用,但能显著提高技术进步;进口旅游服务无益于技术进步的提高,但有助于全要素生产率和技术效率的提高;进口其他商业服务获得的国外R&D存量能显著提高全要素生产率、技术进步和技术效率。

Independent R ＆ D and technology spillover of import trade are two important ways for a country to gain technological progress. By using Maimquist index of DEA and the cross-coun- try panel data from 1999 to 2009, total factor productivity （TFP） is decomposed into technical progress and technical efficiency. An empirical analysis is made on the technology spillover of in- dependence R ＆ D and the import structure of service trade. Results show that independent R ＆ D can significantly improve TFP and technical progress, so it can be regarded as the main driving force and source of a country＇s technological progress; import transportation service has insignifi- cant effects in improving TFP, but it can well promote technical progress; import tourism service cannot promote technical progress, but it is beneficial to the improvement of TFP and technical ef- ficiency; the stock of foreign R ＆ D through importing other commercial services can positively promote TFP, technical progress and technical efficiency.