技术差距与FDI的溢出效应:中国工业部门的实证检验

Technology Gap and FDI Spillover Effects:An Empirical Study of China's Industrial Sector

采用面板数据模型方法,测算1999～2011年中国内地31个省市区工业部门的FDI技术溢出效应,检验溢出效应与技术差距的内在关系。研究发现,样本期间有21个省区的溢出效应为正、4个为负、6个不显著;溢出效应与技术差距间呈"倒U"型曲线关系,差距过大或过小均不利于FDI的技术溢出,但现阶段中国大部分省份表现为技术水平偏低,制约了溢出效应的有效释放。为此,从加强基础设施建设和加大人力资本开发等方面,提出促进FDI技术溢出的发展对策。

By using the method of panel data model, the paper calculates FDI technology spillover effect of industrial sector in 31 provinces and regions in China from 1999 to 2011, and tests the internal relationship between spillover effect and technology gap. Research shows that the spillover effects of 21 provinces during the sample period are positive, 4 provinces show negative effect, and 6 provinces have insignificant effects ; spillover effect has an ＂inverted U＂ shape curve with technology gap, which means a too large or too small technology gap is detrimental to FDI spil/over effect. However, technology level in most of the provinces in China at present tends to be low, which restricts the effectiveness of spillover effect. Therefore, some measures are proposed on promoting FDI technology spillover from the aspects of enhancing infrastructure construction and increasing human capital.