3Feldman HS. Toxicity of local anesthetics agents. In: Rice SA, Fish KJ. Anesthetic toxicity. New York: USA,Raven Press, 1994: 107-133.
4Scott D, Lee A, Fagan D, et al. Acute toxicity of ropivacaine compared with that of bupivacaine. Anesth Analg, 1989,69 : 563-569.
5Knudsen K,Beckman Suurkula M,Bloomberg S,et al. Central nervous and cardiovascular effects during i.v. infusions of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, and placebo in volunteers. Br J Anaesth, 1994,72: 164-169.
6Feldman HS,Covino BG. Comparative motor-blocking effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine, a new amino amide local anesthetic, in the rat and dog. Anesth Analg, 1998,67: 1047.
7Standi T,Burmeister MA,Ohnesorge H,et al. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia reduces analgesic requirements compared to continuous epidural infusion after major abdominal surgery. Can J Anaesth, 2003,50 ( 3 ) : 258-264.
8Pouzeratte Y, Delay JM, Brunat G, et al. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia after abdominal surgery: ropivacaine versus bupivacaine. Anesth Analg,2001,93(6) : 1587-1592.
9Gianferrari P,Clara ME,Borghi B,et al. Sufentanil vs morphine combined with ropivacaine for thoracic epidural analgesia in major abdominal surgery. Minerval Anestesiol, 2001,67 : 155-159.
10Palm S,Gertzen W,Ledowski T,et al. Minimum local analgesic dose of plain ropivacaine vs ropivacaine combined with sufentanil during epidural analgesia for labor. Anaesthesia,2001,56(6): 526-529.
1LOGAN DE, CONROY C, SIEBERG CB, et al. Changes in willingness to self-manage pain among children and adolescents and their parents enrolled in an intensive interdisciplinary pediatric pain treatment program [ J ]. Pain, 2012,153 ( 9 ) : 1863 - 1870.
2KAMPE S, RANDEBROCK G, KIENCKE P, et al. Comparison of continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine and sufentanil with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after total hip replacement [ J]. Anaesthesia,2001,56 ( 12 ) : 1181 - 1201.
3CAPOGNA G, CAMORCIA M, COLUMB MO. Minimum analgesic doses of fentanyl and sufentanil for epidural analgesia in the first stage of labor[ J]. Anesth Analg,2003,96(4) : 1178 - 1182.