NICU病原菌变化特点研究

Study of characteristics of distribution of pathogenic bacteria in NICU

目的探讨近4年新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)病原菌分布、耐药变化,为临床合理使用抗菌药物和经验用药提供依据。方法 NICU2008年1月-2011年12月4年中,共收集非重复临床分离病原菌1722株,分两个时间组,分析比较病原菌变化特点。结果两组病原菌分布中,以革兰阳性球比例最高,分别占51.57%、62.34%,其次是革兰阴性杆菌分别占44.26%、37.24%,真菌最少分别占4.18%、0.42%;主要革兰阳性球菌和革兰阴性杆菌对抗菌药物耐药性有明显改善,鲍氏不动杆菌的耐药状况改善更为明显。结论加强耐药监测,掌握耐药菌株及耐药特性的变化,能为临床合理使用抗菌药物、经验用药选择及耐药菌感染治疗提供重要依据。

OBJECTIVE To study the change of distribution and characteristics of drug resistance of the bacterial strains in NICU during the recent 4 years so as to provide clinical basis for the proper use of antibiotics and proper experience-based prescription. METHODS During the four years from Jan 2008 to Dec 2011, totally 1722 strains of non-repeated clinically isolated pathogens were collected in the NICU, which have been divided into two groups based on the time period, the characteristics of the change of the pathogens were compared and analyzed. RESULTS For the distribution of the pathogenic bacteria of the two groups, the gram-positive cocci occupied the highest proportions, which were 51.57% and 62. 34% respectively, followed by the gram-negative bacilli, which were 44.26% and 37. 24%, respectively. The drug resistance of the main gram-positive cocci and the gram-negative bacilli were significantly improved , the drug resistance of the Acinetobacter baumannii imprved more evidently. CONCLUSION Strengthening the monitoring of the drug resistance and grasping the change of the drug resistant strains and the drug resistance can provide important bases for the reasonable use of antibiotics and the experience-based prescription as well as for the treatment of the drug resistance bacteria infections.