含氰糖苷类作物脱毒技术及其检测方法的研究进展

Research progress in detoxification technology and detection method of toxicants about crops contained cyanide glycosides

氰糖苷是一种毒性很强的化合物,在食用前需采取有效的脱毒方式除掉氰糖苷化合物,减少其在作物中的残留量。本文对作物中氰糖苷的不同脱毒技术即湿法脱毒技术、干法脱毒技术、微波脱毒技术、溶剂提取脱毒技术、挤压膨化脱毒技术和生物法脱毒技术等进行了全面的评述;对氰糖苷、氢氰酸的检测方法进行了综述;为广大科研工作者以后选育一种低氰糖苷品种作物,筛选一种脱毒效率高、操作简单、适用性强、安全性高的脱毒工艺奠定了基础。

The cyanide glycosides is a kind of highly toxic compounds,its very necessary to take the effective way to remove the cyanide glycosides before eating the crops,and reduce the residues in crops. In this paper,the different detoxification technology to remove the cyanide glycosides,including moisture detoxification technology,dry detoxification technology,microwave detoxification technology,solvent extraction detoxification, extrusion puffed detoxification technology and biological detoxification technology and so on,and these different test methods about cyanide glycosides and hydrocyanic acid in crops were completely summarized. It laid the foundation for the amount of scientific research workers to breed lower cyanide glycoside crops and choose a kind of more efficiency,more simple operation,more applicability and more security detoxification process.