铝镁合金用超声波环保水基清洗剂的研制

Study and preparation of environmentally-friendly water-based ultrasonic cleaning agent for aluminum-magnesium alloys

开发了一种适用于铝镁合金的超声波环保水基清洗剂。对清洗剂的组成进行了筛选,考察了清洗剂配方对基材腐蚀率、除油率和生物降解率的影响,确定了最优的清洗剂配方(以质量分数表示)为:AO905.0%,AO423.0%,AO102.0%,溶剂(脂肪醇)3.0%,铝缓蚀剂A0.3%,铝缓蚀剂B0.3%,镁缓蚀剂A0.5%,金属螯合剂0.25%,三聚磷酸钠0.5%,五水偏硅酸钠0.1%。在60～65°C下,以自制的清洗剂和市售清洗剂对5052铝镁合金超声清洗45s至1min。结果表明,以自制清洗剂清洗的铝镁合金外观为0级,生物降解率99.5%,除油率99.7%,腐蚀率0%。自制清洗剂的性能优于市售产品。

A supersonic environmentally friendly water- based cleaning agent suitable for A1-Mg alloy was developed The composition of the cleaning agent was selected, and the influence of the formulation of cleaning agent on corrosion rate of substrate, oil removal rate, and biodegradation rate was studied. The optimal formulation of cleaning agent was obtained as follows： AO90 5.0wt%, AO42 3.0wt%, AO10 2.0wt%, solvent （fatty alcohol） 3.0wt%, aluminum inhibitor A 0.3wt%, aluminum inhibitor B 0.3wt%, magnesium inhibitor A 0.5wt%, metal chelating agent 0.25wt%, sodium tripolyphosphate 0.5wt%, and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 0.1wt%. 5052 A1-Mg alloy was supersonically rinsed for 45 s to 1 rain with the home-made cleaning agent and a commercial cleaning agent at 60-65 ~C. The home-made cleaning agent has the following performance： A1-Mg alloy appearance 0 grade after rinsing, biodegradation rate 99.5%, oil removal rate 99.7%, and corrosion rate 0%, being superior to the commercial product.