中国7省农村1～7岁儿童早餐行为及影响因素

Breakfast behaviors and related determinants among rural children aged 1-7 years in seven provinces of China

目的探讨中国农村地区1～7岁儿童早餐行为及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,选择14 434名农村1～7岁儿童进行问卷调查,早餐行为影响因素的单因素分析采用χ2检验,多因素分析采用有序多分类logistic回归分析。结果农村1～7岁儿童几乎不吃早餐、不规律吃早餐和每天吃早餐者分别有1 041人(7.2%)、2 415人(16.7%)、10 972人(76.0%);农村儿童早餐类型以谷物类为主,食用米饭(米粉或粥)12 265人次(85.0%),食用馒头(包子或面条)8 243人次(57.1%),食用豆浆及豆制品仅872人次(6.0%);早餐食物种类≤2种8 194人次(56.8%),3～4种5 490人次(38.0%),≥5种750人次(5.2%);有序多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,儿童年龄、民族、生活情况、独生子女、早餐食物种类以及家庭人均年收入与农村儿童早餐行为有关。结论农村1～7岁儿童几乎不吃早餐和不规律吃早餐的行为发生率较高,早餐食物种类单一,农村儿童早餐行为和早餐质量有待改善。

Objective To explore the status and related determinants of breakfast behaviors among rural children aged 1-7 years in China.Methods Totally 14 434 children aged 1-7 years in rural areas of 7 provinces were randomly selected with multi-stage cluster sampling and investigated with a face-to-face questionnaire survey.Chi-square test and logistic regression model were used to screen the determinants of breakfast behaviors.Results The number of children not eating breakfast,eating breakfast irregularly,and eating breakfast regularly were 1 041（7.2%）,2 451（16.7%）,and 10 972（76.0%）,respectively.The majority of rural children ate grain.The ratios of taking rice,buns and soybean milk in the rural children were 85.0%,57.1%,and 6.0%.There were 56.8% of the children eating less than 3 kinds of food in breakfast.Only 5.2% of the children ate more than 4 kinds of food in breakfast.The results of logistic regression model showed that breakfast behaviors in the children were related to children＇s age,nationality,living condition,being only child,kinds of food,as well as family＇s per capita income.Conclusion It is urgent to take active intervention to improve the breakfast behaviors of rural children because of high rate of breakfast omission and small types of food in breakfast in the rural children aged 1-7 years.