氟中毒干预病区人群生命质量及影响因素分析

Quality of life and its determinants among residents in endemic fluorosis areas with integrated intervention program

目的了解贵州省毕节市氟中毒综合治理干预病区人群的生命质量状况,分析该病区居民生命质量的影响因素。方法对病区4个乡镇453户共666人进行问卷调查,采用自编量表及生命质量量表(SF-36)评价研究对象综合干预措施实施情况及生命质量状况,生命质量各维度影响因素分析采用多元线性回归分析。结果氟斑牙检出率为84.2%,8～15岁儿童氟斑牙患病率为53.2%,成人氟骨症检出率为32.5%;氟骨症程度对生命质量8个维度均有影响,年龄、2周患病、氟斑牙程度、氟骨症程度、煤火烘烤食物与生命质量呈负相关(P<0.05);受教育程度高、家庭年平均总收入高、改炉改灶以及烟囱出户与生命质量呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论持续实施综合干预措施并建立起长效的管理机制,能够提高人群的健康意识,使病区人群的不良生活习惯得以改变,有助于达到防治地氟病的目标,同时对提高病区人群生命质量具有非常重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors among local residents in endemic fluorosis areas under integrated intervention program for controlling endemic fluorosis.Methods By using the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36）,666 residents from 453 households in 4 towns were interviewed to assess the quality of life of the residents after implementing the integrated intervention program for controlling endemic fluorosis in Bijie city of Guizhou province.The determinants of the quality of life were analyzed with multiple linear regression models.Results The rates of dental fluorosis in all residents and children aged 8-15 years were 84.2% and 53.2%,respectively.The rate of endemic fluorosis was 32.5%.The degree of the fluorosis of bone was related to 8 dimensions on quality of life.Age,two-week disease prevalence,extent of the fluorosis of bone,dental fluorosis,and baking food with coal fire were inversely correlated with the quality of life（P〈0.05）;higher education,higher family income,improved stoves,and the stretched out chimney were positively correlated with the quality of life（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The health attitude of local residents has been raised gradually with continuous implemention of the integrated intervertion program and the establishment of a long-term management mechanism.The change of unhealthy life style in the residents also has a significant importance to improve the quality of life among the residents in edemic fluorosis areas.