不同种植年限胡椒品质差异分析

The Difference Analysis of Quality in Pepper from Different Planting Years

探讨胡椒适宜的种植年限,以主栽品种热引1号胡椒为试验材料,研究种植年限分别为8 a/9 a、12 a/13 a、14 a/15 a、19 a/20 a、26 a/27 a、28 a、34 a/35 a和53 a/54 a等不同种植年限胡椒容重、千粒重及品质差异。结果表明,种植年限达到30 a以上的胡椒,白胡椒粒容重和胡椒碱含量显著低于30 a以前的胡椒;种植年限达53 a以上的胡椒,其不挥发性乙醚提取物含量显著低于35 a以下的胡椒;而不同种植年限间千粒重和挥发油含量无显著差异。综合考虑胡椒的品质及经济效益,建议胡椒种植一定年限且投产率较低时,胡椒园进行全面更新和轮作。

In order to evaluate the suitable planting years of pepper（Piper nigrum L.）, a pepper field experiment was conducted with 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 26, 27, 28, 34, 35, 53 and 54 planting years in 2010 and 2011 in Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that over 30 planting years pepper, the bulk density and piperine content of pepper were significant lower than that of other planting years. Nonvolatile aether extracts content of pepper in 53 and 54 planting years was significant lower than that of other planting years. There were no significant differences in 1 000 grain weight and volatile oil content among different planting years. Based on an overall consideration of the quality and economic benefit of pepper, when pepper was planted many years and production rate was low, pepper garden should fully be updated and rotated.