农民工群体的结构分化与劳动力要素的再配置效应

The Structural Differentiation of Rural Workers and Factor Reallocation

当前农民工群体内部结构呈现出明显的代际分化和阶层分化并存的双重分化特征,由此带来了农村剩余劳动力流动趋势的变化,这对我国的经济社会发展有着极大的促进作用。它有利于劳动力要素按照其资源禀赋优势实现其在区域和城乡间的重新配置、促进了东部沿海地区制造业的转型和中西部地区对其的承接,为我们继续保持制造业在国际分工中的竞争力并实现产业结构的调整提供了便利,最终有利于改变我国传统的依靠"人口红利"驱动的粗放型增长方式,实现生产方式的变革,而这些经济效应的充分发挥最终依赖于相关制度的变革和完善。

There are two obvious characteristics in the structure of rural workers, intergenerational differenti- ation and stratum differentiation. The change of dual differentiation make the labor mobility more different than ev- er, which have a great role in promoting our economic and social development. The dual differentiation would be beneficial to rearrangement the labor between urban and rural areas and also different regionals according to the la- bor factor＇s endowment. It would also can promote the transformation and undertake of manufacturing from the eastern coastal areas to the central and western regions, which can keep our competitive edge of low labor cost to deepen the reform of manufacturing to readjust the industrial structure. It could help us to reform our traditional extensive growth pattern rely on ＂demographic dividend＂ at last. And the realization of all these economic effects is depends on relevant and perfection of the system finally.