饲料营养对母牛繁殖率影响效果研究

Effects of Feeds and Nutrition on Cow's Reproductivity

:通过对妊娠后期 (后 1 42 d)母牛、带犊哺乳母牛的不同阶段饲料营养配合试验 ,探讨母牛的饲养技术方案。选择条件大致相同的妊娠后期母牛 36头 ,随机分为试验 1、2组和对照组各 1 2头。试验 1组和试验 2组根据妊娠月份及粗饲料种类不同 ,粗饲料日喂量各有所调整 ,对照组牛则采用当地的传统饲养方式。试验结果 ,试验 1组母牛产仔成活 1 1头 ,哺乳期平均 1 1 7d,断奶成活 1 0头 ,繁殖成活率 83.3%,母牛产后开始发情时间平均为 65.33d,一二情期累计受胎 1 1头 ,受胎率 91 .7%。试验 2组母牛产仔 1 1头 ,成活 1 0头 ,哺乳期平均 1 1 8d,断奶成活 9头 ,繁殖成活率 75.0 %,母牛产后发情时间平均 72 .0 8d,一二情期累计受胎 1 0头 ,受胎率 83.3%。对照组母牛产仔成活 9头 ,哺乳期平均 1 61 .3d,断奶成活 6头 ,繁殖成活率 50 .0 %,母牛产后开始发情时间平均 1 1 7d,一二情期累计受胎 7头 ,受胎率为 58.3%。

Thirty six late pregnant (last 142 days before calving) cows with similar conditions were chosen and divided into three groups including group 1, 2 and control group with 12 cows for each to investigate the feeding and management protocols The feeds variety, daily roughage allowance of group 1 and 2 were adjusted according to the pregnant condition, while the cows in control group were received the local traditional feeding and management The results showed that for cows of group 1, there were 11 survival calves, the average sulkling period was 117 days, 10 calves were alive at weaning with the reproductive survival rate of 83 3%, the duration between calving and first estrus averaged 65 33 day, the accumulated number of pregnant cows in 1st and 2nd estrous was 11 with the pregnancy rate of 91 7%; for group 2, 10 calves were survived from 11 born, the average sulkling period was 118 days, there was 9 live calves at weaning with reproductive survival rate of 75%, the first estrous occurred 72 08 days after calving, 10 cows were pregnant in the 1st and 2nd estrous with pregnancy rate of 83 3%; for control group, 9 calves were alive, the sulkling period averaged 161 3 days, 6 calves survived at weaning with reproductive survival rate of 50%, cows were in heat 117 days after calving, 7 cows were pregnant in the 1st and 2nd estrous with the pregnancy rate of 58 3%