新型催化热分解脱酸催化剂研究

Research on a novel catalytic thermal decomposition catalyst for deacidification

催化热分解脱酸是一种方便且成本低廉的脱酸方法,但脱酸率较低,限制了工业化。通过采用氧化镁、氧化锌、镁铝水滑石和H-ZSM-5作为催化剂活性组分进行脱酸实验,发现镁铝水滑石对催化热分解脱酸具有较高的活性,可作为催化剂的活性组分,从机理方面证明具有催化石油酸分解的作用。对不同制备工艺制备的催化剂进行评价,得出最佳的催化剂制备工艺为:采用机械混合制球法,镁铝水滑石用量为催化剂质量的30%,活性氧化铝为载体,焙烧温度500℃。将中海油减二线馏分油与脱酸后油品进行红外分析,表明脱酸后油品中的环烷酸消失,证明镁铝水滑石催化剂具有良好的脱酸效果。

The catalytic thermal decomposition of acid is a convenient and low cost method of deacidification, but its acid removal rate is low, so its industrialization application is restricted. Using magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, Mg-Al hydrotalcite, and H-ZSM-5 as the active components of the catalyst, the deacidification experiments were carried out. The results showed that Mg-Al hydrotalcite used as the active component of the catalyst possessed higher catalytic thermal decomposition activity for deacidification, and it was proved by the mechanism that Mg-Al hydrotalcite had catalytic decomposition function for oil acid. The catalysts obtained by different preparation processes were evaluated. The optimal preparation process of the catalyst was attained as follows：the spherical catalyst prepared by mechanical mixing method, Mg-Al hydrotalcite dosage 30% of the catalyst mass, activated alumina as the carrier, and calcination temperature 500 ~C. The feed oil samples before and after deacidification were analyzed by FT-IR. The results of FY-IR characterization indicated that the naphthenie acid in the oil after deacidification disappeared, which proved that Mg-Al hydrotalcite catalyst possessed good deacidification effect.