根癌农杆菌转化单子叶植物的研究进展与对策

Advance and Some Strategies of Monocotyledons Transformation Mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

在植物基因工程中,根癌农杆菌介导法是目前研究得较为深入、技术较为完善有效的转基因方法。但由于单子叶植物不是根癌农杆菌的天然宿主,因此阻碍了根癌农杆菌介导法在单子叶植物遗传转化研究方面的应用。随着分子生物学的迅猛发展,人们对农杆菌介导法的转化机理、影响因素不断探索与研究,使根癌农杆菌介导法被逐步应用于单子叶植物中,尤其是禾本科作物,并取得突破性进展。对农杆菌转化机理与特点、影响单子叶植物转化的因素进行介绍,综述农杆菌介导法在小麦、玉米和水稻三大作物遗传改良方面的研究进展,并从超声波处理、表面活性剂、抗氧化剂和乙酰丁香酮的添加四个方面阐述提高农杆菌转化单子叶植物转化效率的对策,以期为农杆菌转化单子叶植物的进一步改进与优化提供参考。

In plant gene engineering,the Agrobacterium-mediated method is studied more deeply at present,and its technology is relatively perfect and effective.But the monocotyledons are not Agrobacterium natural host,so the research applications in monocot genetic transformation by Agrobacterium-mediated method are restricted.In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular biology,the transformation mechanism and influencing factors of Agrobacterium-mediated method are continuously explored and researched,making the Agrobacterium-mediated method is gradually applied in monocotyledons,especially gramineous crop,which bring breakthrough.In this paper,the Agrobacterium transformation mechanism,characteristic and factors influencing the monocotyledons conversion were introduced;The research progress in three crops genetic improvement such as wheat,maize and rice by Agrobacterium-mediated method were reviewed;The strategies improveing the efficiency of the monocotyledons transformated by Agrobacterium including ultrasonic treatment,addition of surface active agent,antioxidant and acetyl clove ketone to the culture media were summarized.It could be valuable for the further improvement and optimization ofAgrobacterium-mediated monocotyledons transformation.