语言性的存在与存在性的语言——西方哲学发展的语言学视域及其存在论基础

The Presence of Linguistic and Existence of Language:Development of Western Philosophy and Linguistics Perspective Based on Ontology

西方哲学家认为语言与存在是内在同一的,作为"存在的存在"只是存在于语言中,语言是存在的本体论依据。海德格尔将语言视作"此在"敞亮自身的存在方式,"此在"由语言本身所蕴藏着的内在丰富性语义所牵引,聆听、领悟并应和着这种本然所是的存在意蕴。而在伽达默尔看来,能被理解的存在就是语言,凡是能被语言表述的东西并不存在于它自身之内,而是存在于它所表述的语言中并作为被理解的东西而存在。人及人的世界生成并存在于语言中,语言是存在的直接显现,语言与存在的内生性关系,构成了西方哲学发展的语言学视域和存在论根基。

Western philosophers hold that language and existence is the same, as ＂existing existence＂ just in language, the language is the existence based on ontology. Martin Heidegger views language as ＂this＂ clear own existing way. ＂This＂ in the language itself contains inner richness of semantic traction. In Gadamer＇s opinion, the ＂can be understand existence＂ is language, which can be expressed in language does not exist within itself. It exists in its description language and as understood things. The formation and existence of human being and human world are in language. Language is a direct manifestation of existence. The relationship between language and existence constitutes the foundation for linguistic perspective of western philosophy and ontology.