刑法视野下被害人行为存在的必然性之探究

On Necessity of Victim Behavior from Perspective of Criminal Law

2012年修订的《刑事诉讼法》将刑事和解从地方性的制度实践上升到国家程序法层面,但这改变不了包括刑事和解在内的整体被害人行为被刑法忽略、漠视的现状。实际上,被害人行为存在于犯罪发生的全过程,不仅影响着行为人犯罪性质的认定,也会作为刑罚处罚条件影响着犯罪人刑事责任的追究与刑罚的裁量。因此,将被害人行为引入刑法视野有着深刻的必然性,这不仅是部门法之间协调统一的需要,也是刑法自身的公平理念的实现、法益保护机能的扩张、社会危害性的合理评价之需求。

In the 2012 revised 'Criminal Procedure Law',criminal reconciliation is promoted from the local institutional practice to the national program level.But this can not change the situation that victim behavior including criminal reconciliation has been ignored by criminal law.In fact,victim behavior exists in the whole process of the crime,not only affects the behavior of crime cognizance,also as a punishment conditions affects the criminal liability and penal discretion.Therefore,incorporating victim behavior into criminal law has a profound necessity,which not only is coordination needs among the branch of law,but also is from the criminal law requirements of achieving fair concept,expanding interest protection function and evaluating reasonably the social harmfulness.