压电陶瓷在车身板件振动主动控制中的应用研究

Study on Application of Piezoelectric Ceramics in the Active Vibration Control of Automobile Body Panels

针对汽车车身低频振动不易控制的问题,将压电陶瓷作为传感/致动元件,主动控制车身板件的振动变形,以抑制或消除车身板件的低频振动。根据致动器控制力分析和车顶棚模态分析的结果,提出了压电传感器和致动器同位对称布置的方案。采用模糊控制算法,设计了振动主动控制器,并搭建了车顶棚振动主动控制实验台。独立模态振动控制试验结果表明,采用压电陶瓷智能结构对车顶棚振动进行主动控制后,压电传感器检测到的电压降低了14%～23%,即有效控制了车顶棚的低频振动。

In view of the problem that the low-frequency vibration of auto body is difficult to control, the piezoelectric ceramics is used as the sensing/actuating elements to control the vibration and deformation of the automobile body panels, to restrain or eliminate the low-frequency vibration of the automobile body panels. In accordance with the results from the control force analysis of actuator and the modal analysis of the auto ceiling, the proposal that the piezoelectric sensor and the actuator are arranged in coordinate and symmetric way is put forward. The active vibration controller is designed according to the fuzzy control algorithm, and the experimental table for the active vibration control of auto ceiling is also established. Separate modal vibration control test result indicates that the voltage detected by the piezoelectric sensor reduces by 14~23% after the intelligent piezoelectric ceramic structure is used to execute the active control of the vibration of auto ceiling, i.e. the low-frequency vibration of the auto ceiling is controlled effectively.