碘缓释器防治地方性甲状腺肿的近期效果观察

Observation of the Recent Effect of the Iodine Slow-Releasing Device on Endemic Goiter Control

作者鉴于新疆少数民族家家户户使用盐罐,用当地岩盐饱和溶液烹调饭菜,不食用碘盐的风俗习惯,研制了碘缓释器。经在吐鲁番地区的葡萄沟乡葡萄大队的实验观察,向盐罐内投放碘缓释器半年后,盐溶液内含碘7.98μg/ml。调查统计每人每天消耗盐溶液31.45ml,平均每人每天可摄取碘250.97μg。防治半年,地甲病患病率由原来的60.31％,下降为35.69％(x^2=81.5,P<0.001),近期有效率达26.0％,治疗率达24.2％,24小时甲状腺吸碘率由原来的49.53％±21.13％,下降为31.79％±12.69％,尿碘值由84.34μg/g-cr基础值,一月后升高到394.00±4.84μg/g-cr(t=5.0,P<0.001)。半年后仍维持在133.16±2.06μg/g-cr水平。近期防治效果表明:碘缓释器简便可行,是新疆地区有效的辅助补碘方法。

Considering that most families of Xinjiang minority in rural areas use salt jugs to contain the native rock or beach saline water for cooking and do not buy or use iodized salt, the authors have studied, designed and produced the iodine slow-releasing device which can release iodine outside slowly when it was put into the salt jugs. In the township of Putaogou in Turpan, when the device had been used for half a year, the average iodine concentration of the saline water in the salt jugs became 7.98μg/l, each member of a family consumed about 31.45ml salt solution containing 250.79μg iodine per day. Consequently, incidence of endemic goiter decreased from 60.31% to 35.69% (x2 = 81.5, P<0.001); and thyroid 131I uptake in 24 hours reduced from 49.53±21.13% to 31.79±12.69%. The urinary iodine level increased to 394.00 ?4.84μg / g creatinine in a month from the background level of 84.34μg / g creatinine and remained at 133.16±2.06μg/g creatinine for half a year. The above mentioned results indicate that the use of the iodine slow-releasing device is a simple, practical and effective means of iodine supplementation in Xinjiang rural areas.