论合意免责医疗行为的“合意效力”与私法保护

On the Consensual Effectiveness and Private Law Protection of Consensually Disclaimed Medical Practices

在医患纠纷法律关系中,合意免责医疗行为的合意效力在理论与实践上颇具争议,为现行法提出了新的课题。认定合意免责医疗行为合意效力的基础在于对合意行为形式效力、内容效力以及意思效力的准确把握。从理论上与实践上明确合意免责医疗行为的私法效力有助于科学建构医患主体双方的责任分担与利益平衡机制。厘定合意免责的举证责任,强化合意免责的过错推定责任,完善司法公证制度以及医疗保险规制体系能够拓宽合意免责医疗行为的私法保护路径。

In the legal relationship of medical disputes,the controversy of consensually disclaimed medical practices is focused on consensual effectiveness,which puts forward new propositions for current law.Recognizing consensual effectiveness of consensually disclaimed medical practices based on the accurate comprehension of form-effectiveness,content-validity and the declaration of intention.Expliciting the consensual effectiveness of medical practices in theory and practice will help to construct burden-sharing and interest-balancing mechanism.Ascertaining the burden of proof,consolidating the use of presumption of fault liability,consummating judicial notary system and medical insurance will strengthen the protection of private law on consensually disclaimed medical practices.