试论城市建设中“民众诉求”推动的土地征收改革模式——浙江省温州市土地征收改革的实践启示

The Reform Model of Land Expropriation Driven by the Public Appeals during the Process of Urbanization——ACase Study of Land Expropriation Reform in Wenzhou

当前,"强制征地拆迁"已成为社会公众指责城市建设的一种"诟病",探索和谐化的土地征收模式,亟待研究。作为城市建设的典型,温州创造了"民众诉求"推动式的土地征收改革模式。它以"民众诉求推动"与"政府回应改革"为架构,具有民主性、回应性、责任性特征。温州"民众诉求"推动式的土地征收改革模式,有效地回应了征地群众的"民生诉求",通过"三分三改"给予农民"携土地资源用益物权"入城的市民身份,并创造农民可以"自由择业"的"宜农则农、宜商则商、宜工则工"的经济环境,使得失地群众生活"有依靠"、工作"有奔头",从而有利于化解城市建设社会风险,实现城市经济可持续发展。

Nowadays, the behavior of land expropriation and demolition by force has been criticized by the public during the process of urban construction. Research about exploring a harmonious model of land expropriation becomes urgent. As a typical example of city construction, Wenzhou creates a new land expropriation model featuring in democracy, response and responsibility through a ＂bottom-up people＇s demands to promote＂ to ＂top-down govemment-led reform＂. This kind of model responses to the public appeals effectively and gives farmers civil identities with their usufructuary right of land resource. Besides, it provides farmers with an economic environment in which they can choose their jobs freely so that the life of those who have lost their land can be guaranteed, which is beneficial to resolve the social risk during the urban construction and achieve the sustainable development of urban economy.