仙传小说与曹植游仙诗

Mythological Novels as Biographies of Supernatural Beings and Cao Zhi's Poetry about Immortals

曹植是游仙诗创作的第一人。他的游仙诗可考的大约有《升天行》《游仙诗》等11首,这几乎占了曹植诗歌创作总量的六分之一。目前学术界普遍认同曹植的游仙诗受到了屈原《远游》创作的影响,并且是结合了汉代以来的道教神仙思想而逐渐成型的。在道家思想领域,尤其是汉代以来的仙传小说对于大量神仙升天羽化故事的描写以及纷繁复杂的仙境的描绘给游仙诗这种诗歌的创作提供了大量的素材,文学性大大增强。曹植的游仙诗与仙传小说有着密切关系,两者互有促进,在文学史上有一定的影响。

Cao Zhi was the first poet who writes poems about immortals.He wrote 11 such poems that can be found including Go up to the Sky（升天行） and Poem about Immortals（游仙诗）,accounting for almost one-sixth of his creations.It is commonly thought that Cao Zhi＇ s poetry about immortals is affected by Qu Yuan＇ s poem of Travel Faraway（远游）.Meantime,the idea of supernatural beings of Taoism since the Han dynasty also impacts the formation of his creation.The descriptions of immortals in mythological novels in biography of supernatural beings and the complicated fairyland provide rich material for the creation of such poems.Their literariness is thus improved.