关于桑蚕(Bombyx moriL.)对人工饲料摄食性的研究 Ⅱ.饲料的简易化制作和同一蚕品种对人工饲料摄食性的个体差异

Studies on the Feeding Habit of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) to Artificial Diet Ⅱ. The Simplified Diet Preparation and the Difference of Feeding Habit among the Individual Larvae

为解决人工饲料育蚕发育不齐问题 ,就饲料的不同调制方法对桑蚕幼虫发育的影响以及同一蚕品种个体间的差异进行了研究 .结果发现 :1)在饲料制作上必须进行蒸煮灭菌 ,微波炉加热灭菌与蒸煮的效果相近 ,不经加热杀菌简易化制作的效果都不理想 ;2 )同一蚕品种个体间对人工饲料的摄食性存在差异 .对桑叶粉及蔗糖等摄食促进物质的感受性 ,高食性蚕比低食性蚕敏感 ;而对豆粕粉中摄食阻碍物质的感受性 ,低食性蚕比高食性蚕敏感 .研究认为 ,要提高人工饲料育蚕的群体摄食性和发育整齐度 。

In order to make silkworm develop uniformly in artificial diet rearing, the effect of different diet preparations on larval development and the difference between individuals in the same variety were investigated. The results showed that (1) Diet must be sterilized by cooking during preparation. Sterilization by microwave stove is close to that by cooking. The simplified preparations without heat sterilization were impracticable; (2) There was difference of feeding habit to artificial diet among the individuals of one silkworm variety. Larvae of high feeding habit to artificial diet (HFH) were more sensitive to feeding promoters such as sucrose and mulberry leaf powder than those of low feeding habit to artificial diet (LFH), while LFH larvae were more sensitive to feeding inhibitors in soybean meal than HFH larvae. It was considered that feeding inhibitors in diet should be ruled out as thoroughly as possible or silkworm varieties that are not sensitive to feeding inhibitors should be bred to raise silkworm feeding habit and developmental uniformity.