陈独秀民主思想论纲

A Sketch of Chen Duxiu’s Democratic Thoughts

在中国革命与现代化进程逐步展开的历史背景下,陈独秀民主思想的发展演变经历了三个阶段:新文化运动时期,陈独秀主要着力于民主的价值层面,对人权自由作了广泛阐发;接受马克思主义后,他的认识转到民主的主体层面,以阶级的眼光透视民主;到了晚年,他的思考重心落在民主的制度层面上,并实现了这三个层面的初步结合。价值层面、主体层面、制度层面的统一,即构成了民主的完整内涵。陈独秀从民主的角度对苏联模式进行了深刻反思,但始终坚守社会主义的基本方向。

During the process of China’s revolution and modernization,Chen Duxiu went through three stages on his democratic thoughts. In the New Culture Movement period,he expounded human rights vehemently,which is the essential aspect of democracy. After becoming a Marxist,he paid more attention to the proprietorial aspect of democracy with the method of class analysis. In the later years, he began to emphasize the institutional aspect of democracy and to combine the above aspects together. It’s these three aspects that make up the complete connotation of democracy. He rethought the pattern of Soviet Union from the point of democracy,but he held his socialistic ground all along.