农村集体建设用地流转中的政府失灵和市场失灵及制度改革

Government Failure and Market Failure in Rural Collective Construction Land Transfer and Institution Reform

本文从农村集体建设用地流转焦点问题辨析入手,认为农地产权制度、土地征收制度、土地市场制度难以适应当前集体建设用地流转管理需要,以及政府管理错位和流转管理制度缺失是流转问题的主要成因。在此基础上,提出两个理论命题:一是市场失灵、政府失灵同时存在,政府失灵起主导作用;二是集体建设用地流转制度改革的基点是引入市场机制;逻辑主线是在政府合理调控下,充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础和主导作用,关键是政府职能成功转变。最后从制度设计和政策调整两个方面构建改革分析框架,并提出完善集体土地产权制度,建立健全市场制度,放松管制和管制创新的政策建议。

Based on the analysis on the problems of the rural collective construction land transfer,this paper find the rural land property institution,land acquisition institution,land market institution,are difficult to adapt to the request of collective construction land transfer management,the dislocation of government management and the lack of management system is the main reasons of the questions of collective construction land transfer.Then we tendered two theoretical statement： one is market failure and government failure,the government failure is main.And the others is that the basic point of the institution reform is the introduction of market mechanism,and give full play to the role of market mechanism under the government regulation,the key is the government function transformation.At last,build a theoretical framework of institution reform based on system design and policy adjustment,some policy and suggestions are put forward,which include perfecting land property right system and market system,relaxing regulation,and innovating regulation.