围生期健康教育对初产妇保健状况的影响

Effect of perinatal health education on health status of primipara

目的探讨围生期健康教育对初产妇保健状况的影响。方法将在北京市大兴区兴丰街道社区卫生服务中心建档的无孕产史的孕妇160例随机分成观察组和对照组,每组80例。对照组给予常规性健康教育,观察组给予多种方式的健康教育,比较2组产妇对围生期保健认知行为、分娩方式、分娩后并发症等情况。结果观察组孕妇围生期保健认知行为掌握比例高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组产妇自然顺产比例高于对照组(P<0.01);且自然顺产产妇平均产程短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组产妇在宫缩乏力、产前抑郁、产后抑郁、产后泌尿道感染、产后排便困难、产后排尿困难方面得到了改善,发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、巨大儿的发生率明显降低(P<0.05);母乳喂养比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论围生期健康教育可以大大提高初产妇保健知识的掌握程度,提高产妇及胎儿、新生儿的健康,降低产前和产后孕妇并发症的发生。

[Objective]To investigate the impact of perinatal health education on health status of primipara.[Methods]A total of 160 cases of primipara were randomly divided into 1 observation group（80 cases） and 1 control group（80 cases）.The control group was given conventional health education,the observation group was given various health education.The a cognitive behavior of perinatal care,mode of delivery,complications after childbirth between the 2 groups were compared.[Results]The proportion of mastering cognitive behavior of perinatal care in observation group was higher than that of the control group（P 0.05）.The natural eutocia proportion of the observation group was higher than that of the control group（P 0.01）,with an average shorter labor（P 0.05）.In the observation group,the incidence of maternal uterine inertia,antepartum depression,postpartum depression,postpartum urinary tract infection,postpartum bowel difficulties,postpartum dysuria were all lower than in the control group（P 0.05）.Fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and huge children＇s incidence decreased significantly（P 0.05）,and breastfeeding was significantly higher than that in the control group（P 0.05）.[Conclusion]Perinatal health education can greatly improve the knowledge levels of primipara,improve the health of primipara,fetal and newborn,and reduce the prenatal and postnatal complications of pregnant women.