硅酸盐细菌在工农业生产中的应用及其作用机理(英文)

Application and mechanism of silicate bacteria in agriculture and industry

硅酸盐细菌在农业生产中具有潜在的应用前景。这种特殊的芽胞杆菌 ,可产生十分丰富的胞外多糖 ,目前人们正利用它制成细菌肥料 ,以便从土壤矿物中释放出可溶性钾、磷和硅等元素 ,以满足作物生长的需要。在冶金工业上 ,硅酸盐细菌主要被应用于细菌淋滤和改进某些矿物材料的特性等方面 ,实践表明 ,该类细菌对低品位矿物的开发以及回收利用某些有用金属具有良好的前景。本文报道了有关这一领域的国内外研究与应用现状 ,作者特别强调采用矿物学与微生物学相结合的研究方法和手段来解决诸如细菌与矿物相互作用的问题。

Silicate bacteria may have wide potential uses in agriculture and industry. This is a special Bacillus species which produce a rich variety of exo polysaccharides. People have used its capability of dissolving potassium, phosphorus and silicate from minerals through its inclusion in biological fertilizer and have made meaningful progress in this area. It seems that ways may exist to provide the release of significant amounts of potassium or other beneficial elements from soil minerals. In metallurgy, silicate bacteria have been used in the exploitation of low grade ore to aid in the recovery of some valuable elements. The industrial application of silicate bacteria has been mainly concentrated on bacterial leaching and improvement of mineral material properties. In this paper, the writers emphasize that problems such as determining the mechanism by which silicate bacteria release K, Al, and Si will require at least the combination of mineralogy, and microbiology for elucidation. Microbiological mineralogy development can be adapted for this kind of question and can be developed into a fully integrated approach for other similar studies.