老年髋骨骨折的危险因素分析

Risk factors of hip fractures in the elderly patients

目的探讨老年人发生髋骨骨折的相关性，对危险因素进行分析和总结。方法选取2009年2月至2012年2月髋骨骨折的老年患者142例，对患者的一般资料（性别、年龄、视力情况、精神状况、活动情况、合并基础疾病情况和日常饮食）进行统计和分析。所有患者进行骨密度的测定，比较两组患者的骨密度值。对患者的一般资料和骨密度与发生髋骨骨折的相关性进行分析，采用logistic多因素回归分析独立危险因素。结果经相关分析显示老年髋骨骨折患者的性别、年龄、视力情况、精神状况、活动时间、合并基础疾病、骨密度、患者钙含量和蛋白含量均与老年髋骨骨折相关，并纳入logistic多因素回归分析的待选变量，结果显示患者合并糖尿病（OR〉1．82）、合并心血管疾病（OR〉3．91）和骨密度（OR〉5．72）为老年人发生髋骨骨折的独立危险因素。结论合并糖尿病、合并心血管疾病和骨密度降低是老年人发生髋骨骨折的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore the correlation factors of hip fractures in the elderly patients, and analyze the risk factors. Methods 142 patients from Feb. 2009 to Feb. 2012 with hip fractures were selected and the clinical data and general conditions were collected, including sex, age, vision, mental state, activity time, basic diseases and daily diet. All the patients received bone mineral density （BMD） detection. The correlation of general data and BMD of patients with the incidence of hip fractures was analyzed, and independent risk factors were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. Results The correlation analysis showed that the sex, age, vision, activity time, basic diseases, daily diet and BMD of patients had important correlation with hip fractures. These general factors were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression and the results showed that gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） （ OR〉1. 82） , cardiovascular disease （CVD） （ OR〉3.91 ） and BMD （OR〉5.72） were independent risk factors （ P〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion The GDM, CVD and reduced BMD of elderly patients were independent risk factors for hip fractures.