维持性血液透析患者突发事件需紧急血液透析的原因分析及护理对策

The analysis of reasons of maintenance hemodialysis patients taking emergency hemodialysis and the nursing treatment for them

目的对维持性血液透析患者采取一体化的治疗及相关护理对策从而达到降低患者的病死率,延长生命,回归家庭、回归社会的目的。方法对我院2008年1月至2010年1月期间行维持性血液透析患者需行紧急血液透析的例数进行统计、分析、研究原因。结果 173例次需紧急血液透析的原因分类有:透析不充分(40例)、心力衰竭(52例)、感染(28例)、高血钾(25例)、上消化道出血(20例)、高血压危象(5例)。结论透析不充分、疾病相关知识缺乏、家庭经济状况差是造成紧急血液透析的主要原因,影响着患者的生活质量及病死率。

Objective Take integrate therapy and relative nursing treatment on the maintenance hemodialysis patients,in order to reduce their fatality and lengthen their lives,so that they can return to the families and society.Methods Count and analyse the maintenance hemodialysis patients who took emergency hemodialysis during Jan,2008 to Jan,2010 in our hospital and then research the reason.Results There are some kinds of reasons between 173 cases taking emergency hemodialysis：insufficient hemodialysis（40 cases）、heart failure（52 cases）、infection（28 cases）、hyperkalemia（25 cases）、upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage（20 cases）、hypertensive crisis（5 cases）.Conclusion Insufficient hemodialysis、the lack of relate knowledge of the disease and bad family economics are main reasons resulting in emergency hemodialysis,which infect the living quality and fatality of the patients.