慢性氟中毒伴糖尿病小鼠红细胞形态学变化的研究

A study on the morphological change of erythrocyte in fluorosis mice with diabetes

目的探讨慢性氟中毒C57BL小鼠伴有糖尿病时红细胞的形态学变化。方法 C57BL小鼠40只,分为对照组(Ⅰ组)、高氟组(Ⅱ组)、高脂组(Ⅲ组)和高脂高氟组(Ⅳ组),Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组饮用蒸馏水;Ⅱ组与Ⅳ组给予氟化钠水溶液(100mg/L),3个月后,Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组饮食不变,继续喂养4w;Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组改用高脂肪饲料,继续喂养4w后,腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)。4组再继续喂养4w,分别在给药前和给药后72h、2w、3w测定血糖。处理动物后检测小鼠血常规及电镜观察红细胞的形态学变化,计算红细胞变形率并进行统计学分析。结果实验结束时,氟中毒伴糖尿病C57小鼠BL(Ⅳ组)血糖(20.35±3.40)mg/L与Ⅰ组小鼠(5.76±1.04)mg/L相比显著升高(P<0.05);白细胞计数(1.06×109/L)低于正常值[(4～10)×109/L];红细胞计数(8.43×109/L)高于正常值;红细胞平均体积(52.3/FL)低于正常值(80～100/FL)。电镜下可见,Ⅳ组小鼠溶血细胞数量增多,棘突状细胞数量增加;细胞变形率(20.6%)与Ⅰ组(3.7%)和Ⅲ组(3.3%)相比明显升高,与Ⅱ组(22.5%)相比较低。结论机体长期处于高氟环境时,血糖显著升高,红细胞形态学损伤较为明显,若伴有糖尿病,血糖升高更为明显,细胞变形率略有下降,但是仍高于正常。

Objective To explore the morphological change of the erythrocyte of fluorosis C57BL mice with diabetes. Methods 40 C57BL mice were divided into the control group （ Ⅱ ）, the high-fluoride group （group Ⅱ）, the high-fat group （group Ⅲ） and the high fat and high fluoride group （group Ⅳ）. Group Ⅰ and Ⅲwere fed with distilled water while group Ⅱ and Ⅳwere fed with aqueous solution of sodium fluorine （100 mg/L）. Three months later, diets of group / and group Ⅱ remained unchanged and continued for the next 4 weeks; diets of group Ⅲ and group Ⅳwere changed into high-fat diets. After 4 weeks, mice of these two groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin （STZ） and diets of all these four groups were kept for another 4 weeks. The plasma glucose was detected 72 hours, 2 and 3 weeks before and after STZ injection. When the cleaning is finished, the blood parameters of the mice were tested, the morphological change of the erythrocyte was scanned by the electron microscope and the morphological change rate was statistically analyzed. Results At the end of the assay, the BI. plasma glucose of C57 fluorosis mice with diabetes in group Ⅳ （20.35±3.40） mg/L increased obviously （P 〈0.05）compared with group Ⅰ （5.76±1. 04）; the leukocyte count （1.06× 10^9/L） was lower than the normal range （4-10× 10^9/L the erythrocyte eount（8.43× 10^9/L） was higher than the normal range the mean corpuscular volume（52.3/FL） was lower than the normal range（80-100/FL）. The increase in the amount of hemolysis and spinous cells of mice in group Ⅳ could be seen under the electron microscope the morphological change rate of the erythrocyte of mice in group Ⅱ（20.6%） was obviously higher than group Ⅰ （3.7%） and group Ⅲ （3. 3%）and i ower than group Ⅱ （22. 5%）. Conclusion when organism is long exposed to high-level fluorosis, its plasma glucose will notably rise and the morphological damages of the erythrocyle will become relatively evident. If the organism exposed to high-level fluorosis is stuck with diabetes, there will be a more obvious increase in its plasma glucose and a slight decline in its morphological change rate of the erythrocyte but still higher than the normal range.