梁启超对中国文学抒情传统的重新认识

Liang Qichao's Rediscovery of the Lyric Tradition in Chinese Literature in 1920s

在新文化运动的语境下,梁启超纠正了自己早年主要强调借镜欧洲文学革新中国文学,而对传统文学,尤其是正统的诗文学评价偏低的立场,在其国学的框架内对于中国诗歌史进行了重新梳理和阐释。他将抒情精神作为中国文学的根本精神,在理清和阐发中国文学久远而深厚的抒情传统的同时,对于屈原、陶渊明、杜甫等以丰富而高尚的情感为核心的人格结构和抒情艺术成就给予高度肯定。梁启超重寻中国文学的抒情传统意在将其作为新文学和新文化建设的重要资源和典范,这与新文化运动和文学革命的主流话语构成差异与对话。

In the context of the New Culture Movement, Liang Qi-chao corrected his position in earlier years of emphasizing reforming Chinese literature by learning from European literature with an undervaluation of traditional Chinese literature, especially the orthodox literature of poetry. He gave a new analysis and interpretation of the history of Chinese poetry in the frame of studies of ancient Chinese civilization. He argued that the lyric spirit is the fundamental spirit of Chinese literature. In clarifying and explicating the profound lyric tradition in ancient China, he spoke highly of Qu Yuan, Tao Yuan-ming and Du Fu because of their personalities and poetic achievements. Liang Qi-chao rediscovered the lyrical tradition in Chinese literature so as to take it as an important resource and paradigm for the construction of new literature and new culture. Here we will find some disagreement and dialogues between Liang and the mainstream discourse in the New Culture Movement and literary revolution.