从“话”的文本特性看宋四六话的博杂特点

On the Extensive and Miscellaneous Features of the Rhythmical Prose in the Song Dynasty from the Perspective of Textual Characteristics of "Words"

四六话的产生和文本特性与"话"有密切的关系。"话"在宋代具有故事的含义,宋代文人雅聚说"话"往往谈论与文人创作相关的内容,形成了"诗话""词话""四六话"。"四六话"就是文人说与骈文有关话题的"话本",因此在具有文学批评意味的同时,也具有一定故事意味。作为初始阶段的骈文批评,宋四六话的文本呈现出博杂的特点,其内容主要包括骈家故事、骈语本事、骈语品评、骈语典故和骈文理论几个方面。这正是文人雅聚聊天论及骈文话题时题材博杂造成的。

The emergence of rhythmical prose with alternated lines of four and six characters and its textual characteristics have a close relationship with ＂hua （words）＂. In Song Dynasty, ＂words＂ can also means stories, and literati often spoke ＂words＂ on the topics connected with their literary creation when they gathered. As a result, ＂words of poetry＂, ＂words of ei poetry in the Song Dynasty＂ and ＂words with alternated rhythmical lines of four and six characters＂ emerged. So the ＂words with alternated rhythmical lines of four and six characters＂ are just the scripts for storytelling used by literati when they talked about topics on parallel rhythmical prose, with the meaning both of literature critics and of story. As the criticism of parallel rhythmical prose in the initial phase, ＂words with alternated rhythmical lines of four and six characters＂ in the Song Dynasty takes on extensive and miscellaneous features, whose content includes stories in parallel language, parallel language abilities, comments on parallel language, allusions in parallel language and parallel prose theory. All of these are contributed to the extensive and miscellaneous topics literati talked about when they gathered.