综合指数评价法在青海省部分地区小型集中和分散式供水水质监测中的应用

Study on application of comprehensive index evaluation method to water motoring of small centralized and decentralized water supply in some areas of Qinghai

目的采用水质综合指数评价方法对青海省部分地区小型集中和分散式供水水质监测资料分析评价。方法以GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》中"小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标及限值"为标准,按照"综合评价分值F"计算方法和步骤,计算出水质综合评价指数,对2008年青海省10个县小型集中和分散式供水部分水质卫生监测资料进行水质综合指数评价和水质质量分级。结果 10个县枯、丰水期水质理化、毒理指标类指数均小于1,监测结果均未超过"小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标及限值"。丰水期非常规指标水质类指数均小于1,未超过卫生标准,枯水期有9个县非常规指标水质类指数未超过卫生标准。微生物指标类指数枯水期有4个县、丰水期有5县水质类指数大于1,监测结果超过"小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标限值"。10个县546个供水监测点枯、丰水期水质达到"优良"分别占21.61%、13.19%,达到"良好"分别占54.21%,62.45%,达到"较好"分别占11.90%,9.34%。结论 546个小型集中和分散式供水系统中,部分水源封闭不良。制水处理工艺简单,基本采用沉淀-粗砂过滤模式。卫生部门应加强对出厂水质的日常性卫生监测,确保生活饮用水质安全。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the monitoring data of small concentrated and decentralized water supply water quality in some areas of Qinghai province by using the comprehensive index.Method Based on the ＂ the part of water quality index and limit value of small central water supply and decentralized water supply＂ of the ＂ drinking water health standards＂（GB5749-2006）,the water quality comprehensive evaluation index was calculated with the method and steps of ＂ comprehensive evaluation value of F＂.According to the water quality monitoring data from small centralized and decentralized water supply of 10 counties in Qinghai of 2008,the water quality comprehensive index was evaluated and the water quality was classified.Results the physicochemical,toxicological indicator index of 10 counties in withered,abundant water period were both less than 1,and the monitoring results were not over ＂ the part of water quality index and limit value of small central water supply and decentralized water supply＂,The unconventional indicators of water quality index of abundant water period was less than 1,which did not exceed the standards of hygiene.During the dry seasons,9 counties＇ unconventional indicators of water quality index did not exceed the hygienic standard.In terms of the microbial index,4 counties in dry period and 5 counties in abundant water period had index greater than 1,and the monitoring results were over ＂ the part of water quality index and limit value of small central water supply and decentralized water supply＂.Among 546 water monitoring points of 10 counties in dry and abundant water period,the points achieved at ＂ excellent＂ accounted for 21.61%,13.19% respectively,the points achieved at ＂ good＂ accounted for 54.21%,62.45%,and the points achieved at ＂ not bad＂ accounted for 11.90%,9.34%.Conclusions Among the 546 small central water supply and decentralized water supply systems,part of which enclosed bad.The water treatment process is simple,and most adopted the precipitation-coarse sand filtering model.Departments of health should strengthen the daily health monitoring of water quality from factories,so as to ensure drinking water safety.