武汉市6～8岁儿童龋病及第一恒磨牙窝沟形态调查研究

Dental caries and pits and fissures morphology of the first permanent molar in 6-8-year-old children in Wuhan, China

目的调查武汉市6～8岁儿童龋病和第一恒磨牙窝沟形态情况,为儿童患龋风险评估和龋病预防政策的制定提供理论依据。方法选取武汉市区5所小学二年级学生,共检查1043名儿童,平均年龄7.6岁。由两名口腔医师检查龋病和第一恒磨牙窝沟形态。其中,龋指数采用改良世界卫生组织标准,使用单因素方差分析和t检验进行统计学分析。结果恒牙D3水平的患龋率为8.7%,乳牙d3水平的患龋率为68.7%。恒牙龋均和龋面均分别为0.11和0.14,乳牙龋均和龋面均分别为2.8和5.0。其中乳牙龋指数d3占d3mft的73.6%,而乳牙早期釉质龋牙数占乳牙d2水平牙数的36.4%。中窝沟和深窝沟第一恒磨牙的儿童占总受检人数的84.6%。结论武汉市6～8岁儿童的乳牙患龋率高,第一恒磨牙中度和深度窝沟比例较高,因此应对高患龋风险的儿童进行窝沟封闭等预防措施。

Objective To examine the caries experience in the mixed-dentition and pit and fissure morphology of the first permanent molars in young children, in order to evaluate the tendency of dental caries in young children and the choice of preventive intervals. Methods A convenient sample of 5 primary schools in Wuhan was drawn. All grade two children were orally examined in the classroom using standard caries plaque and tooth morphology criteria by 2 examiners.Dental caries was scored at enamel （D2） level and dentine （D3） level. Independent variables were age, gender and school. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and t-test. Results The sample comprised of 1 043 young children, aged from 6 to 8 years. The prevalence of dental caries in the permanent dentition was 8.7% at D3 level and in the primary dentition 68.7% at d3 level. The mean DMFT and DMFS score were 0.11 and 0.14 respectively, and the mean dmft and dmfs score were 2.8 and 5.0 respectively. The d3-component constituted 73.6% of the d3mft index while enamel carious lesions constituted 36.4% of the total number of carious lesions at d2 level. The prevalence of medium and deep pits and fissures was 84.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries in the deciduous and the permanent dentitions of 6-8-year-old children were high. Deep pits and fissures of the first molars in children with high caries risk should be sealed.