大型真菌的抗肿瘤研究进展

Progress in the research of anticancer macrofungi

肿瘤是威胁人类的头号杀手,世界各国对它展开了广泛的研究,然而治疗效果仍难以令人满意,其手术切除和放射治疗取得了一定的进步,但是不良反应强,局限性大。因此寻求高效低毒的天然抗肿瘤药物的研究备受关注,特别是对来自于大型真菌中的抗肿瘤活性成分研究更是方兴未艾。源自于大型真菌的抗肿瘤药物在抑制、杀伤肿瘤细胞和改善症状的同时,对于减轻放化疗的不良反应也发挥着重要作用,因而成为近年来研究的热点。文章就近几年大型真菌的主要活性成分的抗肿瘤机制作简要综述,旨在为大型真菌的进一步研究与开发提供借鉴,从而为筛选和开发新型抗肿瘤药物提供依据。

Cancer is one of the leading killers to human beings now. However, the treatment is still disappointed, the surgical excision and radiation therapy have made a certain progress, but have toxic effects and limitations. Thus, it attracted attention to seek for the highly effective and lower toxic naturally occurring drugs, especially the anti-tumor active ingredients in macrofungi. The natural anticancer drugs have become the research hotspot for avoiding adverse reactions of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, inhibiting or killing tumor cells, and alleviating symptoms. In this review, we briefly introduced the current status of the anticancer mechanism, and the future research and development of macrofungi, to provide a reference for developing a new kind of antitumor drugs.