慢性乙型肝炎免疫发病机制及免疫治疗

Immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy of chronic hepatitis B virus infections

乙型肝炎是威胁人类健康的重大传染性疾病,全世界约有3.5亿人患有慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)。在我国1～59岁的一般人群中,乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率为7.18%[1],治疗慢性乙型肝炎及其相关并发症可减少肝硬化、肝细胞肝癌的发生。乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B vi-rus,HBV)本身并不直接损伤肝细胞,而是通过在被感染的肝细胞上表达病毒的抗原表位。

Hepatitis B virus （HBV） causes more than 350 million people suffering from chronic infection worldwide. Control of HBV infection and liver pathology are mediated by host immune system. The impaired innate and adaptive immune responses play an important role in the persistence of HBV infection. Current anti viral treatments have limitations in eliminating chronic HBV infections. Therefore, there is a strong need for novel immunotherapeutic strategies to reactivate the immune responses in chronic hepatitis B （CHB） pa tients. In this review, we summarize current progress in the research of immunopathogenesis of CHB and we also discuss recent developments of immunotherapeutic api^roaches in the treatment of this disease.