评“地勘基金”和“商业跟进”的定位和排序——事关地质找矿体制和机制的改革

Review on the Positioning and Sorting of Geological Exploration Fund and Business Investment Follow-up——On the Reform of System and Mechanism of Geological Prospecting

把"商业跟进"放在"基金衔接"之前,体现了政府定位和企业主体,是社会主义市场经济体制下地质找矿体制、机制改革的重大原则问题,必须旗帜鲜明地予以坚持。中央出台"地质勘查基金"意图是作为"周转金",主要用来调控矿产勘查投入,降低找矿风险,促进商业投资的跟进。因形势变化促成某些省、区"地勘基金"的错位,这种"错位"的主要弊端:形成不公平的市场竞争,排斥市场在矿产资源配置中的基础性作用,使矿产勘查投入的长效机制难以形成。思考与建议:(1)河南省用地勘基金和社会资金构建"找矿联盟"的模式值得借鉴;(2)提升矿产资源补偿费标准,抑制价款对所有权权益的挤占;(3)政府介入勘查必须坚持政企分开运作。

This paper points out that putting business follow-up before fired connection reflects the responsibility ot government and business entity, which is a major issue of principle concerning institutional reform of geological prospecting under the socialist market system. Therefore, we should voice our firm and unswerving support to this principle. The funds for geological prospecting established by the central government is intended to regulate and control the investment in geological exploration, reduce the risk of prospecting, and promote business investment follow- up. This paper analyses the main disadvantages with regard to mismatches of funds for geological prospecting which occurred due to the situation changes in some provinces and regions. These disadvantages include： unfair competition in the market was formed; the basic role of the market in the allocation of resources was repelled; thus long-term mechanism for investment in geological exploration became more difficult to generate. On account of this, this paper offers some suggestions： the pattern of ＂alliance of prospecting＂ built with funds for geological prospecting and social funds in Henan province may be worth listening to. Mineral resource compensation standards must be improved, and the ownership interests diverted by the price should be controlled. In addition, as for the intervention in the exploration, the government must insist on separating government functions from enterprise management operation.