丽水市郊蔬菜重金属含量及健康风险分析

Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents in Vegetables of Lishui Suburb and the Health Hazard

以丽水市郊水阁工业园区石牛大桥附近蔬菜基地30个土壤样品和60个蔬菜样品为试验对象,测定了其铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)的含量,并分析了其对人体健康的危害;并运用目标危害系数(Target hazard quotient,THQ)法评价当地居民摄食蔬菜可能存在的健康风险,同时比较成人和儿童THQ值的大小。结果表明:该地区蔬菜基地土壤中Cd的平均含量为0.450mg/kg,是国家标准值的1.5倍;叶菜类蔬菜中Pb的平均含量为0.214mg/kg,是无公害蔬菜的1.07倍,Cd的平均含量为0.058mg/kg,是无公害蔬菜的1.16倍,非叶菜类蔬菜中Pb的平均含量为0.258mg/kg,是无公害蔬菜的1.29倍。成人和儿童摄食蔬菜后,Pb的THQ值分别为0.318和0.418,Cd的THQ值分别为0.226和0.297。所以抽样蔬菜基地中的Pb和Cd的含量都超标,不符合无公害蔬菜要求;但是摄食蔬菜后,Pb和Cd的THQ值都小于1,表明Pb和Cd的健康风险不明显。

The contents of Lead（Pb）,Cadmium（Cd）,Cromium Cr） and Arsenic（As） in 30 samples of soil and 60 samples of vegetables at the vegetable farm base around Shiniu Bridge,Shuige Industrial District,Suburb of Lishui City were studied.The health hazard arose from them were also analyzed.The method of target hazard quotient（THQ） was used to evaluate the potential health risks after ingestion of the vegetables by local residents.The THQ values were compared between adults and children.The results showed that the average content of Cd in the soil was 0.450 mg/kg,which was 1.5 times of national standard.In leaf vegetables,the average content of Pb was 0.214 mg/kg,which was 1.07 times of that in non-public hazard vegetables.The average content of Cd was 0.058 mg/kg,which was 1.16 times of that in non-public hazard vegetables;in non-leaf vegetables,the average content of Pb was 0.258 mg/kg,which was 1.29 times of that in non-public hazard vegetables.After ingestion of the vegetables by adults and children,the THQ values of Pb were 0.318 and 0.418 respectively,and the THQ values of Cd were 0.226 and 0.297 respectively.Therefore,the contents of Pb and Cd in the sample vegetables were above the standard,the requirement of non-public hazard didn＇t meet.However,after ingestion of the vegetables,the THQ values of Pb and Cd were less than 1,which indicated the health hazard was not obvious.